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Reference number: CH001016
Who invented the Internet?
Question:
Who invented the Internet?
Answer:
A single person did not create the Internet
that we know and use today. Below is a listing of several different
people who've helped contribute and develop the Internet.
The idea
The initial idea is credited as being Leonard
Kleinrock's after he published his first paper entitled
"Information Flow in Large Communication Nets" on May 31,
1961.
In 1962 J.C.R. Licklider
becomes the first Director of IPTO
and gave his vision of a
galactic network. In addition to the ideas from Licklider and
Kleinrock, Robert Taylor helped create the idea of the
network, which later became
ARPANET.
Initial creation
The Internet as we know it today first
started being developed in the late 1960's.
In the summer of 1968
the Network Working Group (NWG) held its first meeting chaired by
Elmer Shapiro with the Stanford Research Institute (SLI) with
attendees: Steve Carr, Steve Crocker, Jeff Rulifson,
and Ron Stoughton. In the meeting the group discussed solving
issues related to getting hosts to communicate with each other.
In December 1968
Elmer Shapiro with SLI released a report "A Study of Computer
Network Design Parameters." Based on this work and earlier work done
by Paul Baran, Thomas Marill and others; Lawrence
Roberts and Barry Wessler helped to create the final
version of the Interface Message Processor (IMP) specifications. BBN was later awarded the
contract to design and build the IMP sub network.
Introduction of the Internet to the general public
UCLA puts out a
press release introducing the public to the Internet on July 3,
1969.
First network equipment
August 29, 1969
the first network switch and
the first piece of network equipment (called "IMP", which is short
for Interface Message Processor) is sent to UCLA and on September 2,
1969 the first data moves from
UCLA host to the switch.
The first distributed message
On Friday October 29,
1969 the first Internet message was sent from computer science
Professor Leonard KleinRock's laboratory at UCLA after the
second piece of network equipment was installed at SLI. This
connection not only enabled the first transmission to be made but is
also considered to be the first Internet
backbone.
The first message to be distributed was: "LO", which
was an attempt at "LOGIN" by Charley S. Kline to log into the
SLI computer from UCLA. However, the message was unable to be
completed because the SLI system crashed. Shortly after the crash
the issue was resolved and he was able to log into the computer.
E-mail is developed
Ray Tomlinson
introduces network e-mail in
1972, the first messaging system to send messages across a network
to other users.
TCP is developed
Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn design
TCP during
1973 and later publish it with
the help of Yogen Dalal and Carl Sunshine in December
of 1974 in
RFC 675.
Ethernet is conceived
Bob Metcalfe develops
Ethernet idea in
1973.
TCP/IP is created
In 1978 TCP splits into
TCP/IP driven by Danny Cohen,
David Reed, and John Shoch to
support real-time traffic. This allows the creation of
UDP. TCP/IP is later standardized
into ARPANET in 1983 and is
still the primary protocol used for the Internet.
DNS is introduced
Paul Mockapetris
and Jon Postel introduce DNS
in 1984.
HTML
In 1990
Tim Berners-Lee develops
HTML, which makes a huge contribution
to how we navigate and view the Internet today.
WWW
Tim Berners-Lee introduces
WWW to the public on August 6,
1991.
Internet experiences large growth
In 1993
the Internet experienced one of its largest growths and today is
accessible and used by people everywhere in the world.
Related questions:
But I thought Al Gore invented the Internet.
Al Gore coined the term
Information Superhighway.
Additional information:
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