| Short for
Internet Protocol, IP is an address of a computer or other network
device on a network using IP or TCP/IP . For example, the number "166.70.10.23"
is an example of such an address. These addresses are similar to
addresses used on houses and help data reach its appropriate destination
on a network.
There are five classes of available IP ranges: Class
A, Class B, Class C, Class D and Class E, while only A, B and C are
commonly used. Each class allows for a range of valid IP addresses.
Below is a listing of these addresses.
| Class |
Address Range |
Supports |
| Class A |
1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254 |
Supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks. |
| Class B |
128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254 |
Supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks. |
| Class C |
192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254 |
Supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks. |
| Class D |
224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 |
Reserved for multicast groups. |
| Class E |
240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.254 |
Reserved. |
Ranges 127.x.x.x are reserved for loopback tests, for example,
127.0.0.1. Ranges 255.255.255.255 are used to broadcast to all hosts
on the local network.
All IP addresses are broken down into 4 sets of octets
that break down into binary to represent
the actual IP address. The below chart is a basic example of the
basic IP 255.255.255.255.
| IP: |
255. |
255. |
255. |
255. |
| Binary value: |
11111111. |
11111111. |
11111111. |
11111111. |
| Octet value: |
8 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
If we were to break down the IP "166.70.10.23",
which is the IP address of Computer Hope, you would get the
below value.
| 166. |
70. |
10. |
23 |
| 10100110. |
01000110. |
00001010. |
00010111 |
| 128+32+4+2=166 |
64+4+2=70 |
8+2=10 |
16+4+2+1=23 |
There are several IP addresses used or automatically assigned on a
network. For example:
| 166.70.10.0 |
0 is the automatically assigned network address. |
| 166.70.10.1 |
1 is the commonly used address used as the gateway. |
| 166.70.10.2 |
2 is also a commonly used address used for a gateway. |
| 166.70.10.255 |
255 is automatically assigned on most networks as
the broadcast address. |
Users and/or companies who need to register an IP address or a valid
range of IP addresses must register that IP address through InterNIC.
-
Click here to see what your IP address is and other system
settings are.
- Additional information about network commands used to determine
network information can be found on
document CH000444.
- Additional information about how to determine an IP address can be
found on document CH000483.
- See document CH000962
for additional information about determining another computer or
a website IP address.
- Information about how to find the physical location of an IP
address can be found on
document CH001044.
Also see: Binary, CIDR,
ICANN,
IP
spoofing, IPv4, IPv6, Localhost, Netmask,
Network definitions,
Ping, Protocol,
Reserved address space,
Static allocation,
Subnet
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